What organizational principle is being used when an organization has a clear-cut purpose, goal, and scope, with one individual in charge?

The principle being described reflects a functional grouping organizational structure. In this type of structure, tasks are grouped according to similar activities or functions, and organizations typically have a definitive purpose and clear-cut goals. A functional grouping allows one individual, often referred to as a manager or supervisor, to oversee a specific function or department, streamlining decision-making and enhancing accountability.

The clarity of purpose and definitive scope associated with functional grouping aids in delineating responsibilities and aligning team efforts towards a common objective. This structure is particularly beneficial for organizations that need to focus on specialized tasks and wish to maintain clear lines of oversight and authority.

In contrast, team structures emphasize collaboration and shared responsibility among team members, often blurring the lines of individual authority. Matrix management involves dual reporting relationships, which can create complexity in oversight and accountability. A flat organization aims to reduce hierarchical levels, enhancing communication and speed in decision-making but may lack the clarity of purpose and defined leadership roles that are fundamental to functional grouping.